Early detection is key: The importance of colorectal cancer screenings

Originally published: March 15, 2023. Updated: March 6, 2024.

Colorectal cancer begins in the colon or rectum and typically develops slowly over several years, starting as small, noncancerous growths called polyps that can become cancerous over time. It is one of the most common types of cancer - the American Cancer Society estimates 152,810 new cases of colorectal cancers in the United States in 2024.

The American Cancer Society also notes that from 2011 to 2019, incidence rates dropped by about 1% yearly, but this downward trend is mostly in older adults. Unfortunately, in people younger than 55 years of age, rates have been increasing by 1% to 2% a year since the mid-1990s.

However, colorectal cancer is also one of the most preventable types of cancer if detected early through regular screenings.

What are the screening options for colorectal cancer?

A colorectal cancer screening is a test that checks for the presence of cancer or precancerous growths in the colon or rectum. The most common screening method is a colonoscopy; however, advancements in technology and medical research have led to the development of new and less invasive screening methods for colorectal cancer, including stool-based tests, blood tests and virtual colonoscopies.

Why is colorectal cancer screening important?

1. Early detection saves lives. Colorectal cancer often has no symptoms in the early stages, making it difficult to detect without screening. However, the five-year survival rate is over 90% when detected early. Regular screenings can detect precancerous growths or early-stage cancer, allowing for timely treatment and a better chance of survival.
2. Preventive measures can be taken. Screenings can detect precancerous growths known as polyps, which can be removed before they become cancerous. This not only prevents cancer from developing but also reduces the risk of needing more invasive treatments.
3. Risk factors increase with age. The risk of developing colorectal cancer increases with age. The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk begin regular screenings at age 45. However, those with a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier and undergo more frequent screenings.
4. It’s better to be safe than sorry. Screening for colorectal cancer can provide peace of mind, knowing everything is normal. If something is found, early detection can provide treatment options that may not be available if cancer is diagnosed at a later stage.

Colorectal cancer screenings are an essential part of preventative healthcare. They can detect cancer or precancerous growths early, allowing for timely treatment and a better chance of survival.

Everyone should discuss their screening options with their healthcare provider and make informed decisions about when and how often to get screened.

Remember, early detection saves lives!